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  • The H.H. Holmes "murder castle" in March 1937. The building...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The H.H. Holmes "murder castle" in March 1937. The building at 601-603 West 63rd Street was sold in 1938 and was razed to make way for an Englewood post office. The main entrance is at 603 E. 63rd Street and housed a sign company in 1937 where Holmes had his drug store.

  • The Grand Plaza in front of the Administration Building, seen...

    C.D. Arnold

    The Grand Plaza in front of the Administration Building, seen on Chicago Day, Oct. 9, 1893, the twenty-second anniversary of the Great Chicago Fire. The Administration Building was a 55,000-square-foot dome that held the offices of organizers of the 1893 World's Fair. It was the first building fairgoers likely saw after they paid their 50-cent entrance fee.

  • The first Ferris wheel was built by George W. Ferris...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The first Ferris wheel was built by George W. Ferris for the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. It stood 250 feet high and had 36 cars that could each carry 40 people.

  • The Statue of the Republic, at 65 feet tall, stood...

    Chicago Tribune archive

    The Statue of the Republic, at 65 feet tall, stood across from the domed Administration Building at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. The original was destroyed in a fire, so a replica was made in 1918 to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the World's Fair. The replica, only 24 feet high and made of gilded bronze, resides in Jackson Park.

  • Nearly 129,000 people -- "a surging sea of humanity," as...

    Chicago History Museum

    Nearly 129,000 people -- "a surging sea of humanity," as the title on this stereograph print describes it -- filled the grounds on the opening day of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.

  • Visitors to the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 could take...

    World's Columbian Exposition

    Visitors to the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 could take a gondola ride to cover some of the 633-acre expo and give the feet a rest. This is a view of the colonnade from the Grand Basin.

  • The Agricultural Building of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.

    International News

    The Agricultural Building of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.

  • Columbian Exposition crowds were so huge at times that trains,...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    Columbian Exposition crowds were so huge at times that trains, like this one on Cottage Grove Avenue, carried an overflow of passengers on the roofs of their cars.

  • People walk down the Midway Plaisance at the World's Columbian...

    Library of Congress

    People walk down the Midway Plaisance at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Ill., circa 1893. The Ferris wheel can bee seen in the background.

  • A woman rides on back of a camel at the...

    Library of Congress

    A woman rides on back of a camel at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, circa 1893.

  • The center of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 was...

    Acme

    The center of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 was an architectural wonder known as the Court of Honor. It featured Venice-like waterways and a collection of stately palaces that served as exposition halls. The Palace of Fine Arts was the future home of the Museum of Science and Industry.

  • The exposition helped mark the 400th anniversary of Columbus' supposed...

    Chicago History Museum

    The exposition helped mark the 400th anniversary of Columbus' supposed discovery of the New World, and fair crowds lined the shores of Lake Michigan waiting for a replica of the Christopher Columbus caravels to arrive from Spain.

  • One of the replica Christopher Columbus ships that sailed from...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    One of the replica Christopher Columbus ships that sailed from Spain for the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893.

  • This one-day admission ticket to the World's Columbian Exposition cost 50...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    This one-day admission ticket to the World's Columbian Exposition cost 50 cents.

  • With fair buildings as the background, officials for the World's...

    Chicago History Museum

    With fair buildings as the background, officials for the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 pose for a group portrait, including architect Daniel Burnham, third from left.

  • The Liberty Bell left its home in Philadelphia for only...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The Liberty Bell left its home in Philadelphia for only the second time in history to be part of the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. The bell traveled aboard a flatbed rail car and was greeted with fanfare on stops between Philadelphia and Chicago.

  • Chicago police guard the Liberty Bell, which was in town...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    Chicago police guard the Liberty Bell, which was in town for the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. A lengthening of the bell's famous crack was discovered in Chicago and may have been caused by the bell's travel by rail.

  • The Columbian Exposition had an emergency crew, pictured here on...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The Columbian Exposition had an emergency crew, pictured here on the boat F.D. Millet, that was skilled in swimming and climbing and trained to respond to emergencies. The crew rescued three men whose pyrotechnics raft had broken off from its mooring during a storm.

  • A parade during the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 in...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    A parade during the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago.

  • At the center of the Columbian Exposition's Court of Honor...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    At the center of the Columbian Exposition's Court of Honor was the Statue of the Republic, designed by Daniel Chester French. A replica of this statue now stands in Jackson Park.

  • A view of Jackson Park with the German Building featured...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    A view of Jackson Park with the German Building featured in the foreground surrounded by other Columbian Exposition landmarks in 1893.

  • One of the first electric trolleys installed on 61st Street...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    One of the first electric trolleys installed on 61st Street was used during the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893.

  • The cold storage plant at the Columbian Exposition World's Fair,...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The cold storage plant at the Columbian Exposition World's Fair, which held refrigerated food for vendors, caught fire in July 1893, killing 16 firefighters who were trapped by a collapsing tower. Editors note: this historic print has some hand painting on it.

  • At Chicago's second World's Fair, A Century of Progress International...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    At Chicago's second World's Fair, A Century of Progress International Exposition, the most popular attraction was fan dancer Sally Rand. Rand was perceived to be naked while dancing with ostrich feathers covering her body.

  • The Columbian Exposition Administration Building was a 55,000 square-foot dome...

    Chicago Tribune archive

    The Columbian Exposition Administration Building was a 55,000 square-foot dome that held the offices of fair organizers. It was the first building fair goers likely saw after they paid their entrance fee.

  • Sunday crowds walk past the Living Babies in Incubators exhibit...

    Sunday crowds walk past the Living Babies in Incubators exhibit as well as an area featuring doughnuts and Maxwell House Coffee on Aug. 26, 1934. The baby exhibit was the brainchild of Dr. Martin A. Couney, a pioneer in neonatology.

  • The Sky Ride soars over the lagoon between Northerly Island...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    The Sky Ride soars over the lagoon between Northerly Island and the lakefront for the Century of Progress World's Fair in 1933.

  • With fair buildings as the background, officials for the Chicago...

    Chicago History Museum

    With fair buildings as the background, officials for the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 pose for a group portrait. The architect Daniel Burnham stands third from left.

  • Visitors to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition took in the...

    C.D. Arnold/Art Institute of Chicago

    Visitors to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition took in the view of the Court of Honor from the roof of the Manufacturers Building.

  • The 'Century Homes House of Tomorrow,' by architect George Fred...

    Hedrich-Blessing Collection

    The 'Century Homes House of Tomorrow,' by architect George Fred Keck, was featured at the Century of Progress World's Fair in Chicago 1933. The home consists of several stacked 'drums,' with glass-enclosed living quarters above and a ground floor airplane hanger below.

  • Mrs. Edward J. Kelly, wife of the mayor, from left,...

    Chicago Tribune historical photo

    Mrs. Edward J. Kelly, wife of the mayor, from left, Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, Mrs. Henry W. Hardy, president of Federated Women's organizations; Mrs. Rufus C. Dawes, and Mrs. Carter Harrison, as distinguished guests are given a driving tour of the fair grounds on Women's Day at the Century of Progress World's Fair in 1933.

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Chicagoans didn’t have to travel far to find adventure 130 years ago this month — the world came to us. The party was so grand, we hosted it again 40 years later.

The first World’s Fair here, the World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893, was a miracle considering just 22 years earlier the city was in shambles following the Great Chicago Fire.

Yet the Century of Progress International Exposition of 1933-1934 may have been harder to pull off due to the Great Depression.

Though there are hints of both events still present around the city, Chicago’s iconic flag design forever cements their importance — two of its four red stars are dedicated to the fairs (the fire of 1871 and Fort Dearborn represent the other two stars).

Before we head into a long, reflective weekend, here’s a look back at when Chicago became the destination for fun, new technology, culture, a little sleaze and even a now-famous serial killer.

How you can support this newsletter

Become a Tribune subscriber: it’s just $3 for a 1-year digital subscription. Follow us on Instagram: @vintagetribune. And, catch me Monday mornings on WLS-AM’s “The Steve Cochran Show” for a look at this week in Chicago history.

Thanks for reading!

— Kori Rumore, visual reporter

Chicago history | More newsletters | Puzzles & Games | Today’s eNewspaper edition

Photo gallery: The World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893

The Columbian Exposition Administration Building was a 55,000 square-foot dome that held the offices of fair organizers. It was the first building fair goers likely saw after they paid their entrance fee.
The Columbian Exposition Administration Building was a 55,000 square-foot dome that held the offices of fair organizers. It was the first building fair goers likely saw after they paid their entrance fee.

Chicago rose from the ashes of The Great Fire of 1871 to host the 19th century’s greatest fair. See more photos here.

Front page of the Tribune on May 1, 1893 — the day the World’s Fair opened

How Chicago beat New York to get the 1893 World’s Fair

With fair buildings as the background, officials for the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 pose for a group portrait. The architect Daniel Burnham stands third from left.
With fair buildings as the background, officials for the Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893 pose for a group portrait. The architect Daniel Burnham stands third from left.

To many, New York was the obvious choice to host the World’s Fair, but Chicago — always the underdog — possessed something in this competition that New York did not: grit and determination. Read more here.

Full poem: “New York’s Tribute to Chicago” (Feb. 20, 1892)

The creators of the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition turned the Midway into the first fun-and-games section of a world’s fair, offering up a blueprint for Disneyland and just about every fair and theme park that came after.

Take a ‘walking tour’ of the ‘White City’

The Agricultural Building of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.
The Agricultural Building of the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition.

Navigate between the buildings and attractions in what is today Jackson Park on Chicago’s South Side. Read more here.

Chicago rediscovers long-lost art from World’s Columbian Exposition

Mikala Stokes: The 1893 World’s Fair excluded Black people and their history. Lessons from this omission persist.

130 years later, was H.H. Holmes’ Englewood ‘Murder Castle’ the house of horror legends claim? It wasn’t even a hotel, experts say.

The H.H. Holmes “murder castle” in March 1937. The building at 601-603 West 63rd Street was sold in 1938 and was razed to make way for an Englewood post office. The main entrance is at 603 E. 63rd Street and housed a sign company in 1937 where Holmes had his drug store.

On the 130th year since Daniel Burnham’s sweeping transformation of Chicago’s southern lakefront into the classical alabaster-columned “White City,” the tales of Holmes’ dealings here, including his so-called “Murder Castle” in the Englewood neighborhood, remain largely sensational tabloid fabrications. Read more here.

Tragedy at the 1893 World’s Fair: Fire killed 16 while crowds watched

The cold storage plant at the Columbian Exposition World's Fair, which held refrigerated food for vendors, caught fire in July 1893, killing 16 firefighters who were trapped by a collapsing tower. Editors note: this historic print has some hand painting on it.
The cold storage plant at the Columbian Exposition World’s Fair, which held refrigerated food for vendors, caught fire in July 1893, killing 16 firefighters who were trapped by a collapsing tower. Editors note: this historic print has some hand painting on it.

Firefighters ascended a tower to get closer to the smokestack and extinguish the fire. As they fought the blaze, however, another fire broke out 70 feet below them, forming what the Tribune called “a pit of fire.” Read more here.

Photo gallery: Century of Progress International Exposition of 1933-1934

The Sky Ride soars over the lagoon between Northerly Island and the lakefront for the Century of Progress World's Fair in 1933.
The Sky Ride soars over the lagoon between Northerly Island and the lakefront for the Century of Progress World’s Fair in 1933.

Technological innovation was the theme of the second World’s Fair held in Chicago from 1933 to 1934. The title also reflected the city’s centennial and its spectacular growth from a frontier settlement to an industrial metropolis. See more photos here.

Buy the book: A Century of Progress — A Photographic Tour of the 1933-34 Chicago World’s Fair

Women helped burnish Chicago’s image for Century of Progress World’s Fair 90 years ago

Mrs. Edward J. Kelly, wife of the mayor, from left, Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, Mrs. Henry W. Hardy, president of Federated Women's organizations; Mrs. Rufus C. Dawes, and Mrs. Carter Harrison, as distinguished guests are given a driving tour of the fair grounds on Women's Day at the Century of Progress World's Fair in 1933.
Mrs. Edward J. Kelly, wife of the mayor, from left, Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt, Mrs. Henry W. Hardy, president of Federated Women’s organizations; Mrs. Rufus C. Dawes, and Mrs. Carter Harrison, as distinguished guests are given a driving tour of the fair grounds on Women’s Day at the Century of Progress World’s Fair in 1933.

In 1929, a group of socially prominent women pledged to keep the Chicago World’s Fair scheduled for 1933 from being an embarrassing dud. No one asked them to assume that burden. To the contrary, the men who planned it snubbed them. Read more here.

American Negro Exposition set out to show the successes of black America — but the white establishment had its own agenda

Yes, there was science — but also some sleaze

At Chicago's second World's Fair, A Century of Progress International Exposition, the most popular attraction was fan dancer Sally Rand. Rand was perceived to be naked while dancing with ostrich feathers covering her body.
At Chicago’s second World’s Fair, A Century of Progress International Exposition, the most popular attraction was fan dancer Sally Rand. Rand was perceived to be naked while dancing with ostrich feathers covering her body.

The fair’s management reasoned that, if regally clad young women were an attraction, those without clothes would be an even bigger draw. Read more here.

Rick Kogan: Book remembers the ‘American Sex Symbol’ Sally Rand, who created a scandal at Chicago’s World Fair

Mysterious ‘doctor’ Couney saved thousands of premature babies — and put them on display at the fair

Sunday crowds walk past the Living Babies in Incubators exhibit as well as an area featuring doughnuts and Maxwell House Coffee on Aug. 26, 1934. The baby exhibit was the brainchild of Dr. Martin A. Couney, a pioneer in neonatology.
Sunday crowds walk past the Living Babies in Incubators exhibit as well as an area featuring doughnuts and Maxwell House Coffee on Aug. 26, 1934. The baby exhibit was the brainchild of Dr. Martin A. Couney, a pioneer in neonatology.

Of all the amazements available to visitors to Chicago’s Century of Progress world’s fair that took place along our lakefront in 1933 and 1934 — Sally Rand and her is-she-naked? fan dancing legendarily among them — none was more mind-boggling and successful than what was inside one of the buildings on the midway with a sign, “so big you’d have to be dead to miss it,” touting “Living Babies in Incubators.” Read more here.

From 2018: Saved by science, twins displayed in incubators at Chicago’s 2nd World’s Fair are nestled happily in the suburbs

Wanted: Someone with big bucks and a big heart to restore the legendary House of Tomorrow

The 'Century Homes House of Tomorrow,' by architect George Fred Keck, was featured at the Century of Progress World's Fair in Chicago 1933. The home consists of several stacked 'drums,' with glass-enclosed living quarters above and a ground floor airplane hanger below.
The ‘Century Homes House of Tomorrow,’ by architect George Fred Keck, was featured at the Century of Progress World’s Fair in Chicago 1933. The home consists of several stacked ‘drums,’ with glass-enclosed living quarters above and a ground floor airplane hanger below.

An architectural wonder of Chicago’s 1933-34 World’s Fair may be on its way to a brighter future — if, that is, somebody is willing to spend nearly $3 million to restore it but not own it. Read more here.

The Times of Northwest Indiana: House of Tomorrow lands funds for long-needed renovations: ‘This is a win for the Region’

Photo gallery: House of Tomorrow

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Have an idea for Vintage Chicago Tribune? Share it with Ron Grossman and Marianne Mather at rgrossman@chicagotribune.com and mmather@chicagotribune.com.